The following is a paper I wrote concerning the definition of peace:
In his letter to the church in Colossi, Paul defined peace as the reconciliation between God and man. In chapter one he writes, “and by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him…having made peace through the blood of His cross” (1:20). A rather simple but fundamental foundation of Christianity, here Paul clarifies that peace with God is made through the death of the Son. Though most would confine this verse to a peace only between the divine and the mortal and disregard this as any full understanding of peace, I beg one to consider this verse not as limited but rather as the complete definition. For the purpose of this paper, the terms “centrality” and “preeminence” of Christ will be used interchangeably. At the core, both mean to keep Jesus as the main component (centrality=in the center or the origin, preeminent=the highest from which all things come). In light of the commission given to Jesus by the Father, and His inevitable rule on this earth, it seems that it would be impossible for peace in any form, state, or expression to exist outside of the reconciliation between God and Man.
As a Christian, I believe that ultimately God is above all things and that everything He desires will be brought into fruition for eternity (Hebrews 11:6). Clearly seen in the accounts of His life, Jesus’ mission on the earth was to do this very thing—the will of the Father. This is shown in Luke 22:42 when Jesus says, “not My will but Yours be done,” or “most assuredly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, but what He sees the Father do; for whatever He does, the Son also does…” (John 5:19). In like manner, only those who do the will of Father will be saved, or “enter in the kingdom of heaven” as Matthew records in his gospel (7:21). In light of these things, if we listen to wisdom and do what Paul commanded us to do in Colossians 3:2 when he writes, “set your mind on things above, not on things on the earth,” then with eternity in view the main question should remain, “what is the will of the Father that I may do it.”
The will of God is that Christ would be central and exalted to the highest place in all areas. Paul clarified the will of the Father as the centrality of Christ when he wrote:
And He is the head of the body, the church, who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He may have the preeminence. For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell, and by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth or things in heaven, having made peace through the blood of His cross (Colossians 1:18-20).
Here Paul explained that God becoming a man and the reconciling of man to God fulfilled the desire of the Father. He also explained that the purpose of Christ’s resurrection was that Jesus would be preeminent in all things. In other words, the Father decided that Jesus should be supreme in every sphere. God desires the exaltation of Christ above “all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every title that can be given.” (Ephesians 1:21) His plan remains that every established system from waste management to international relations, from city hall to the white house, from education to health care would be rooted upon Jesus and exalt Him. His will for all men is that every prayer, every relationship, every teaching would exalt Jesus. Stephen Venable, a Christology professor, explained it this way: “the extent to which we are abandoned to the preeminence of Christ in all things is the extent to which we are in agreement with the passion and plan of the Godhead. Thus the first reason why Jesus must be supreme…is devastatingly simple—it is because God’s desire is that He would be supreme in absolutely everything” (June 22nd, 2009—The Centrality of Christ in the Ministry of Prayer). Therefore, the extent to which Jesus is central in all things in life, or in this context peace, is the extent to which peace aligns with the will of God.
When Paul defined peace in his epistles, he established it as the peace in reconciliation between God and man with the centrality and preeminence of Christ. He discussed it in his letter to the Ephesians this way:
“for He Himself is our peace, who has made both one, and has broken down the middle wall of separation, having abolished in His flesh the enmity…so as to create in Himself one new man from the two, thus making peace, and that He might reconcile them both to God in one body through the cross, thereby putting to death the enmity. And He came and preached peace to you who were afar off and to those who were near. For through Him we both have access by one Spirit to the Father” Ephesians 2:14-22
First, Paul explained that in Christ there is now peace and reconciliation between Jew in Gentile for in Him they are one flesh. Second, Paul emphasized that the purpose of this “new man” was to reconcile them both as one to the Father in Christ. Third, Paul defined Christ’s message as the access to the Father through Jesus. The primary emphasis of each section is the centrality of Christ. Note “in Himself, “that He,” and “through Him” as the evidence. It also seems that Paul placed these in a particular order. “That He might reconcile them both to God” seems to say that they (the reconciliation between men and the reconciliation between God and man) are not two separate benefits, but rather the purpose of peace between men was for the sake of peace between God and men. Therefore, if peace between men is not based on Jesus, then there is no possible way for that peace to be under the Father and consequently cannot be true peace. Paul boldly expressed that the greatest enemies, Jew and Gentile, are reconciled only in Christ and that the purpose of peace between men is mostly for peace between God and men through Christ.
In order to fulfill the plan of God, Jesus will hand over the earth to the Father for eternity. According to 1 Corinthians 15:24-25, in order for this to occur Jesus will return to the earth to reign and place all things under His feet. “Then comes the end, when He delivers the kingdom to God the Father, when he puts an end to all rule and authority and power. For He must reign till He has put all enemies under His feet.” The enemy is people or things that are against God and contrary to His plan. Jesus’ purpose in returning to the earth, according to 1 Corinthians, is to bring all things under subjection of Himself by destroying all those that come against the Father’s leadership and plan. Therefore, since the will of God is to place Jesus as preeminent, Jesus will abolish all established things that do not exalt Him as highest nor keep Him central. According to King David, this is not an inert or static take over. Rather, Jesus’ domination when He returns is focused and relentless. In Psalm 110 David described what all things being placed under His feet will involve when he wrote, “‘Sit at my right hand till I make Your enemies Your footstool’…The Lord is at Your right hand; He shall execute kings in the day of His wrath. He shall judge among the nations, He shall fill the places with dead bodies, He shall execute the heads of many countries…therefore He shall lift of the head” (1, 5-7). David explained that Jesus will execute the heads of nations and piles up their dead bodies in order to bring all things under His feet. In this the head (that is Jesus as the head of the church) will be lifted up. This emphasizes that the reason of this morbid psalm occurs at all is so that Jesus would be lifted up.
I believe Paul held this conviction when he wrote in many of his epistles to the churches, “grace and peace to you.” In other words, Paul said, “strength to you for choosing righteousness (a.k.a. grace) and may the knowledge that you are reconciled to God for eternity and therefore can rest in His perfect leadership “guard your hearts and minds” (Philippians 4:7). For “no weapon formed against you shall prosper” because you are “hidden in Christ in Heavenly places” (Isaiah 54:17, Colossians 3:3). This is the peace that passes all understanding, for it transcends inner peace, political or governmental peace, or relational peace. Rather it is an eternal peace from which all other must stem.
Consequently, any peace between nations, any peace between brothers, any peace in mind, or spirit, or emotion must forcibly keep Jesus as the center, otherwise there is no true peace. For if Jesus only does the will of the Father, and the will of the Father is the centrality of Christ, and if Jesus indeed in coming back to the earth to bring all things under His feet in order to present all things to the Father aligned with His will, then the only peace that will remain when He returns is that with Jesus central. If He is not central, it is the will of the Father that Jesus would uproot, abolish, and utterly destroy it. For all peace stems from the reconciliation between God and man and grows upon the centrality of Christ.